Multiple resistant Limnophila erecta from Malaysia

International Survey of Herbicide-Resistant Weeds

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Thursday, October 31, 2024

MULTIPLE RESISTANT MARSHWEED
(Limnophila erecta)

Multiple Resistance: 2 Sites of Action
Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B)
Auxin Mimics HRAC Group 4 (Legacy O)

Malaysia

INTRODUCTION		MARSHWEED
Marshweed (Limnophila erecta) is a dicot weed in the Scrophulariaceae family. In Malaysia this weed first evolved multiple resistance (to 2 herbicide sites of action) in 2002 and infests Rice. Multiple resistance has evolved to herbicides in the Groups 2 (Legacy B), and Auxin Mimics HRAC Group 4 (Legacy O). These particular biotypes are known to have resistance to 2,4-D, bensulfuron-methyl, cinosulfuron, mesosulfuron-methyl, and pyrazosulfuron-ethyl and they may be cross-resistant to other herbicides in the Groups 2 (Legacy B), and Auxin Mimics HRAC Group 4 (Legacy O). The 'Group' letters/numbers that you see throughout this web site refer to the classification of herbicides by their site of action. To see a full list of herbicides and HRAC herbicide classifications click here.

QUIK STATS (last updated Feb 02, 2011 )
Common Name	Marshweed
Species	Limnophila erecta
Group	Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B) Auxin Mimics HRAC Group 4 (Legacy O)
Herbicides	2,4-D, bensulfuron-methyl, cinosulfuron, mesosulfuron-methyl, and pyrazosulfuron-ethyl
Location	Malaysia
Year	2002
Situation(s)	Rice
Contributors - (Alphabetically)	M. Azmi
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NOTES ABOUT THIS BIOTYPE

CROSS RESISTANCE

Azmi Man

Azmi, M. and Baki, BB (2003). Weed species diversity and management practices in the Sekinchan Farm Block, Selangor's South West Project - a highly productive rice area in Malaysia. Proc. 1 19th APWSS Conference, 17-21 March, Manila Philipines, p. 174-184.

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ACADEMIC ASPECTS

Confirmation Tests

Greenhouse trials comparing a known susceptible Marshweed biotype with this Marshweed biotype have been used to confirm resistance. For further information on the tests conducted please contact the local weed scientists that provided this information.

Genetics

Genetic studies on HRAC Group 2, 4 resistant Marshweed have not been reported to the site. There may be a note below or an article discussing the genetics of this biotype in the Fact Sheets and Other Literature

Mechanism of Resistance

The mechanism of resistance for this biotype is either unknown or has not been entered in the database. If you know anything about the mechanism of resistance for this biotype then please update the database.

Relative Fitness

There is no record of differences in fitness or competitiveness of these resistant biotypes when compared to that of normal susceptible biotypes. If you have any information pertaining to the fitness of multiple resistant Marshweed from Malaysia please update the database.

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CONTRIBUTING WEED SCIENTISTS

M. AZMI

Malaysian Agricultural Rice Research Institute 108 Sirius Place Bertam Kepala Betas, 13200, Penang Malaysia

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The Herbicide Resistance Action Committee, The Weed Science Society of America, and weed scientists in Malaysia have been instrumental in providing you this information. Particular thanks is given to M. Azmi for providing detailed information.

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Herbicide Resistant Marshweed Globally
(Limnophila erecta)

Country

FirstYear

Situation

Active Ingredients

Site of Action

Malaysia

2002

Rice

2,4-D, bensulfuron-methyl, cinosulfuron, mesosulfuron-methyl, and pyrazosulfuron-ethyl

Multiple Resistance: 2 Sites of Action
Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase ( HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B)
Auxin Mimics ( HRAC Group 4 (Legacy O)

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