International Survey of Herbicide-Resistant Weeds

Countries Weeds Herbicides Mutations Graphs References Researchers
HRAC GROUP 2 (LEGACY B) RESISTANT RUSSIAN-THISTLE
(Salsola tragus)


Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B)

United States, Oregon
INTRODUCTION RUSSIAN-THISTLE
Russian-thistle (Salsola tragus) is a dicot weed in the Chenopodiaceae family.  In Oregon this weed first evolved resistance to Group 2 (Legacy B) herbicides in 1993 and infests Wheat.   Group 2 (Legacy B) herbicides are known as Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase (Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase ).  Research has shown that these particular biotypes are resistant to chlorsulfuron, metsulfuron-methyl, and triasulfuron and they may be cross-resistant to other Group 2 (Legacy B) herbicides.

The 'Group' letters/numbers that you see throughout this web site refer to the classification of herbicides by their site of action. To see a full list of herbicides and HRAC herbicide classifications click here.

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QUIK STATS (last updated Nov 19, 2000 )

Common NameRussian-thistle
SpeciesSalsola tragus
GroupInhibition of Acetolactate Synthase HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B)
Herbicideschlorsulfuron, metsulfuron-methyl, and triasulfuron
LocationUnited States, Oregon
Year1993
Situation(s)Wheat
Contributors - (Alphabetically)Daniel Ball 
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NOTES ABOUT THIS BIOTYPE

AREAS FOUND

Daniel Ball
Umatilla, Morrow, Gilliam, Sherman

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GENERAL

Daniel Ball
Resistance was confirmed in 1993 in a cooperative survey conducted by Oregon State University and DuPont Inc. Live plant samples were sent to an independent testing facility and the presence of an altered ALS enzyme confirmed. Remains susceptible to 2,4-D, dicamba and glyphosate.

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ACADEMIC ASPECTS

Confirmation Tests

Laboratory trials comparing a known susceptible Russian-thistle biotype with this Russian-thistle biotype have been used to confirm resistance. For further information on the tests conducted please contact the local weed scientists that provided this information.
 
Genetics

Genetic studies on HRAC Group 2 resistant Russian-thistle have not been reported to the site.  There may be a note below or an article discussing the genetics of this biotype in the Fact Sheets and Other Literature
 
Mechanism of Resistance

Studies on the mechanism of resistance of Group 2 (Legacy B) resistant Russian-thistle from Oregon indicate that resistance is due to an altered target site.  There may be a note below or an article discussing the mechanism of resistance in the Fact Sheets and Other Literature
 
Relative Fitness

There is no record of differences in fitness or competitiveness of these resistant biotypes when compared to that of normal susceptible biotypes.  If you have any information pertaining to the fitness of Group 2 (Legacy B) resistant Russian-thistle from Oregon please update the database.
 
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CONTRIBUTING WEED SCIENTISTS

DANIEL BALL
Professor Of Weed Science
Oregon State University
Columbia Basin Agricultural Research Center
48037 Tubbs Ranch Road P. O. Box 370
Pendleton, 97801, Oregon
United States
Email Daniel Ball
Web   : Web Site Link

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The Herbicide Resistance Action Committee, The Weed Science Society of America, and weed scientists in Oregon have been instrumental in providing you this information. Particular thanks is given to Daniel Ball for providing detailed information.
Herbicide Resistant Russian-thistle Globally
(Salsola tragus)
Herbicide Resistant Russian-thistle Globally
(Salsola tragus)
Drag a column header and drop it here to group by that column
Herbicide Resistant Russian-thistle Globally
(Salsola tragus)
#CountryFirstYearSituationActive IngredientsSite of Action
1 ArgentinaArgentina 2019 Soybean glyphosate 48 Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase ( HRAC Group 9 (Legacy G)
147Salsola tragusRussian-thistle19218
2 Canada (Saskatchewan) CanadaSaskatchewan1989 Wheat chlorsulfuron 7 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase ( HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B)
147Salsola tragusRussian-thistle5067
3 Canada (Alberta) CanadaAlberta2007 Spring Barley, and Wheat thifensulfuron-methyl, and tribenuron-methyl 7 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase ( HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B)
147Salsola tragusRussian-thistle7831
4 United States (Washington) United StatesWashington1987 Wheat chlorsulfuron 45 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase ( HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B)
147Salsola tragusRussian-thistle231
5 United States (Montana) United StatesMontana1987 Cropland, and Wheat chlorsulfuron 45 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase ( HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B)
147Salsola tragusRussian-thistle411
6 United States (Idaho) United StatesIdaho1990 Wheat chlorsulfuron 45 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase ( HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B)
147Salsola tragusRussian-thistle512
7 United States (Oregon) United StatesOregon1993 Wheat chlorsulfuron, metsulfuron-methyl, and triasulfuron 45 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase ( HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B)
147Salsola tragusRussian-thistle1173
8 United States (California) United StatesCalifornia1994 Roadsides chlorsulfuron, and sulfometuron-methyl 45 Inhibition of Acetolactate Synthase ( HRAC Group 2 (Legacy B)
147Salsola tragusRussian-thistle1036
9 United States (Montana) United StatesMontana2015 Fallow, and Wheat glyphosate 45 Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase ( HRAC Group 9 (Legacy G)
147Salsola tragusRussian-thistle12032
10 United States (Washington) United StatesWashington2015 Fallow glyphosate 45 Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase ( HRAC Group 9 (Legacy G)
147Salsola tragusRussian-thistle18160
11 United States (Oregon) United StatesOregon2016 Fallow glyphosate 45 Inhibition of Enolpyruvyl Shikimate Phosphate Synthase ( HRAC Group 9 (Legacy G)
147Salsola tragusRussian-thistle13055
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